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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">David Hartley</span></h1>
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<p><b>David Hartley</b> (* <a href="8._August" title="8. August">8. August</a> <a href="1705" title="1705">1705</a> in <a href="Halifax_(West_Yorkshire)" title="Halifax (West Yorkshire)">Halifax</a>; † <a href="28._August" title="28. August">28. August</a> <a href="1757" title="1757">1757</a> in <a href="Bath" title="Bath">Bath</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) war ein englischer <a href="Philosoph" title="Philosoph">Philosoph</a> und <a href="Psychologe" title="Psychologe">Psychologe</a>. Hartley war Begründer der <a href="Assoziationspsychologie" title="Assoziationspsychologie">Assoziationspsychologie</a>.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Seine_Assoziationslehre">Seine Assoziationslehre</h2></div>
<p>Ausgehend von der Beobachtung, dass Empfindungen auch andauern können, wenn der Reiz bereits entfernt ist (wie beim Schmerzempfinden), nahm Hartley an, dass Nerven weiter <i>schwingen</i> und diese Schwingungen die Empfindung erzeugen. Dies geschieht in Analogie zur Schwingungslehre von <a href="Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>. Neben den <i>Empfindungen</i> gibt es eine zweite Klasse von Elementen, die <i>Vorstellungen</i>. Diese beiden Klassen zusammen können den Aufbau der geistigen Strukturen erklären.
</p><p>Sein Hauptwerk <i>Observations on Man, his Frame, his Duty and his Expectations</i> erschien 1749.
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Schriften_(Auswahl)"><span id="Schriften_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Schriften (Auswahl)</h2></div>
<ul><li><i>Observations on Man, his Frame, his Duty and his Expectations.</i> 2 Teile, London 1749 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=jQw2AQAAMAAJ&pg=PR3">Teil 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=Sws8AQAAMAAJ&pg=PR1">Teil 2</a>).</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2></div>
<ul><li><cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic">Hartley, David</cite>. In: <cite class="lang" lang="en" dir="auto" style="font-style:italic"><a href="Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></cite>. 11. Auflage. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>13</span>: <span style="font-style:italic;">Harmony – Hurstmonceaux</span>. London 1910, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>35</span> (englisch, <a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/en:1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Hartley,_David" class="extiw external" title="s:en:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Hartley, David">Volltext</a> [<a href="Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:David+Hartley&rft.atitle=Hartley%2C+David&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=1910&rft.edition=11.&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=35&rft.place=London&rft.volume=Band+13%3A+Harmony+-+Hurstmonceaux" style="display:none"> </span></li>
<li>M. H. Marx, W. A. Hillix: <i>Systems and Theories in Psychology.</i> McGraw-Hill, New York 1963.</li>
<li>H. Misiak, V. Staudtsexton: <i>History of Psychology - an Overview.</i> Grune & Stratton, New York 1966.</li>
<li>Michael Wertheimer: <i>Kurze Geschichte der Psychologie.</i> Piper & Co., München 1971.</li>
<li><a href="Wolfgang_Sch%C3%B6npflug" title="Wolfgang Schönpflug">Wolfgang Schönpflug</a>: <i>Geschichte und Systematik der Psychologie.</i> Beltz, Weinheim 2000.</li>
<li>H. Lück, R. Miller: <i>Illustrierte Geschichte der Psychologie.</i> Beltz, Weinheim 2002.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"></span></span></div><b><span class=""><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:David_Hartley_(the_Younger)?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: David Hartley</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div>
<ul><li>Richard Allen: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/hartley/">Eintrag</a> in Edward N. Zalta (Hrsg.): <i><a href="Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>.<span style="display:none">Vorlage:SEP/Wartung/Parameter 1 und Parameter 3 und nicht Parameter 2</span></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Die kleine Enzyklopädie.</i> Encyclios-Verlag, Zürich, 1950, Band 1, S. 685.</span>
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Normdaten (Person): <a href="Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119269694">119269694</a></span> | <a href="Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50026751">n50026751</a></span> | <a href="Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>: <span class="-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/39428787/">39428787</a></span> | </div>
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